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G-1181 - 03/23/2021 - POLICE DEPARTMENT - Ordinances ITEM 9.A.2 BOARD OF TRUSTEES MEETING VILLAGE OF SAMUEL E. DEAN BOARD ROOM OAK B R , K BUTLER GOVERNMENT CENTER t 1200 OAK BROOK ROAD OAK BROOK, ILLINOIS 630-368-5000 AGENDA ITEM Regular Board of Trustees Meeting of March 23, 2021 SUBJECT: An Ordinance to Amend the Village Code amending Title 4, Chapter 4, Section B in the Oak Brook Code of Ordinances. FROM: James R. Kruger Jr., Chief of Polic9/11� BUDGET SOURCE/BUDGET IMPACT: None RECOMMENDED MOTION: I move that the Village Board approve Ordinance 2021- PD-RPL-PANH-G-1 181 amending Title 4, Chapter 4, Section B in the Oak Brook Code of Ordinances.. Background/History: Since the beginning of the pandemic, we have seen an increase in panhandlers on street corners soliciting money in our community. This has led to a steady increase in activity for the past eighteen months after receiving guidance from States Attorney Berlin's office and IRMA of a preliminary injunction to curtail enforcement of 625ILCS5/11-1006(c)due to a case pending in federal court. On January 14, 2021 a Seventh Circuit federal judge permanently banned Illinois' panhandling law and any similar local ordinances from being enforced on the basis the statute violates the First Amendment. The Federal Court of the Northern District of Illinois issued an Injunction order forbidding state law or local ordinances on panhandling from being enforced. While I understand the concerns of residents and visitors, and agree with many of them, police departments have been put in an unfortunate position of not having the authority to enforce the laws as they pertain to panhandling currently on the books. The law suit filed in Federal court by the ACLU on behalf of two homeless persons stated that their rights to free speech were being infringed upon by the enforcement of these panhandling laws by the police. BOT AGENDA Page 1 96 I subsequently made the decision to order my officers to discontinue from responding to these calls by passing motorists after the January 14th ruling. While I understand the frustration and the potential traffic safety hazards this may create I am also concerned continually responding to these complaints and demonstrating a police presence with these individuals, that now have a constitutional right to be there, may constitute a 42 US Code, Section 1983 claim. Mere presence can no longer serve as a reason to believe there is a safety concern on its face. The majority of communities in the region have also begun to repeal these ordinances as well. There will need to be a legislative fix based on traffic and pedestrian regulations rather than the act of solicitation coming from the General Assembly. Recommendation: Staff recommends that the Village Board approve Ordinance 2021-PD-RPL-PANH- G-1181. BOT AGENDA Page 2 THE VILLAGE OF OAK BROOK COOK AND DUPAGE COUNTIES, ILLINOIS ORDINANCE NUMBER 2021-PD-RPL-PANH-G-1 181 AN ORDINANCE REPEALING TITLE 4 CHAPTER 4 SECTION 4-4B-2(C) AND 4-4B-5(F) OF THE VILLAGE OF OAK BROOK CODE OF ORDINANCES GOPAL G. LALMALANI, Village President CHARLOTTE K. PRUSS, Village Clerk JOHN BAAR PHILIP CUEVAS MICHAEL MANZO MOIN SAIYED EDWARD TIESENGA ASIF YUSUF Village Board Published in pamphlet form by authority of the President and the Board of Trustees of the Village of Oak Brook on this 23rd day of March, 2021 ORDINANCE NO.2021-PD-RPL-PANH-G-1181 AN ORDINANCE REPEALING TITLE 4 CHAPTER 4 SECTION 4-4B-2(C)AND 4-4B-5(F)OF THE VILLAGE OF OAK BROOK CODE OF ORDINANCES WHEREAS,the Village of Oak Brook(hereinafter referred to as the"Village")is an Illinois Municipal Corporation organized pursuant to the laws of the State of Illinois; WHEREAS,the Village has in full force and effect a codified set of ordinances which are of a general and permanent nature,which said codified set is known and designated as the Village Code of the Village of Oak Brook,as amended; WHEREAS,the Village has the authority to adopt ordinances and to promulgate rules and regulations that pertain to its government and affairs that protect the health,safety and welfare of its residents including the adoption and imposition of certain taxes; WHEREAS,the Village continuously monitors and reviews its Village Code to ensure that it is properly updated and revised to coincide with any current developments; WHEREAS,the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division held in a Final Order issued on January 11, 2021 in the case of Dumiak v.Village of Downers Grove that Section 11-1006(c) of the Illinois Vehicle Code allowing municipalities to regulate the solicitation of contributions on public highways violates the First Amendment and is therefore unconstitutional on its face; WHEREAS,both Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 4-4B-2(C)and Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 4-46- 5(F) of the Village's code regulating Solicitation in Public Roadways implement Section 11- 1006(c)of the Illinois Vehicle Code; WHEREAS,the Corporate Authorities of the Village of Oak Brook are of the opinion that that it is in the best interests of the safety,health and welfare of the residents to repeal the portion of the Village Code as set forth herein. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED, in open meeting assembled by the Village President and Board of Trustees of the Village of Oak Brook,Cook and DuPage Counties,Illinois as follows: i Section One-Recitals The Board of Trustees hereby find that all of the recitals hereinbefore stated as contained in the preamble to this ordinance are full, true and correct and do hereby, by reference, incorporate and make them part of this ordinance as legislative findings. 2 Section Two—Repeal of Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 4-4B-2(C) Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 4-4B-2(C)shall be repealed in its entirety: safety that desire to engage iR 691ir-itatien for a nharitable eFganization on the designated vehin-WaF Wners 9f aRy publiG Feadway,must,no later than ten(10)dayes pFiqF te the stating in full the fellewing additional information- . GonduGted; wil1essar; damage that may aFise GUt Of,OF in GenneGtien with,the selinitation. Section Three—Amendment of Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 446-2(D): Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 4-413-2(D)shall be amended as follows: D. Certificate Of Registration Issued: Except as provided by section 4-46-4 of this article, upon receipt of an application, the individual designated by the chief of police shall forthwith issue the person a certificate of registration. The Ghief of peliGe shall issue a pemeps employed by the village to pFeteGt the publiG safety, that desiFe to engage in Feadway RG lateF than five (5) business days afteF FeGeiving a fully and aeGuFately .(Ord.G- 974,7-10-2012) Section Four—Amendment of Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 4-4B-5(E) Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 4-413-5(E)shall be amended as follows: E. Time Limits:No person shall engage in noncommercial solicitation at any time prior to nine o'clock(9:00)A.M.or after nine o'clock(9:00)P.M.,local time, 3 Section Five—Repeal of Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 4-4B-5(F) Title 4 Chapter 4 Section 4-4B-5(F)shall be repealed in its entirety: rode,with the sale eXGeptiGR Gf village law eRfGFGement peMannel,fiFefghter6, or Gthe peF6GA6 empleyed by the village to PFGteGt the PUb1iG Safety WhO have FeGeived a GeFtif Gate of FegistFatien frGm the Ghief Of P01 Ge.All 601 G tat on in the designated vehin,dar lanes A pub!G safety� 1 No n oI Gital�nn may nede the flog.i ofyehni jlar o pedestrian themse"4e1;or then Fal pUblin de.:nn flan banner balloon other form of attention netting dey G Wh'nh n Id d'str..nt dr..nrn n pthen 0-;A.n stn n hn-.nrd No more than four(4) persons may simultaneously engage n 601 G tat on at any nternent�en.n the Y Ilann 4. Ne p 1 SG1iGitatiGR at n Y tm,epr�te sda;:seaF after saaset. Section Six—Effective Date That this ordinance become effective immediately after its passage. Section Seven-Conflict Clause That all ordinances, parts of ordinances or board actions in conflict with the terms of this ordinance shall be repealed to the extent of said conflict. Section Eight-Passage Clause That this ordinance shall take full force and effect from and after its passage,approval and publication as provided by law. Section Nine-Constitutionality Clause Any part or parts of this ordinance declared by a court of law to be invalid or unconstitutional shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this ordinance or the Oak Brook Municipal Code. Section Ten-Publication This ordinance shall be published in book or pamphlet form as provided by the Illinois Municipal Code. 4 Section Eleven - Recording This ordinance shall be entered into the minutes and upon the journals of the Board of Trustees of the Village of Oak Brook. APPROVED THIS 23rd day of March, 2021 Gopal G. Lalmalani Village President PASSED THIS 23rd day of March, 2021 Ayes: Trustees Baar, Cuevas, Manzo, Saiyed, Tiesenga, Yusuf Nays: None Absent: None ATTEST: Charlotte K. Pruss Village Clerk 04,x•co 1'{ y v COUNTY •��" 5 Case:1:19-cv-05604 Document#:52 Filed:07/29/20 Page 1 of 9 PagelD#:299 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS EASTERN DIVISION MICHAEL DUMIAK and ) CHRISTOPHER SIMMONS, ) Plaintiffs, ) Case No. 19 CV 5604 V. ) Judge Robert W.Gettleman VILLAGE OF DOWNERS GROVE, ) JEFFREY GIERMANN,ROBERT JACOBS, ) JAY JOHNSON,KENNETH LISTER, ) ALESSIA MAROCCO,and JOSHUA NELSON, ) Downers Grove Police Officers, ) in their individual and official capacities, ) BRENDAN KELLY, ) Acting Director of the Illinois State Police, ) in his official capacity, ) and ) ROBERT BERLIN, ) DuPage County State's Attorney, ) in his official capacity, ) Defendants. ) MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER The Village of Downers Grove passed an ordinance making it illegal to solicit money without a permit.No permit is needed for"political or religious activities."Violating the Village ordinance can mean fines or court supervision.The State of Illinois has a similar statute: "No person shall stand on a highway for the purpose of soliciting contributions from the Case:1:19-cv-05604 Document#:52 Filed:07/29/20 Page 2 of 9 PagelD#:300 occupant of any vehicle except within a municipality when expressly permitted by municipal ordinance."Violating the Illinois statute is a misdemeanor offense. Plaintiffs Michael Dumiak and Christopher Simmons are homeless.They allege that they were ticketed,prosecuted,and fined for panhandling.They stood on an elevated median strip at a four-way intersection in Downers Grove and asked for money to help meet their basic needs— money for bus fare,motel rooms,a cell phone.They sought money from people sitting in passing cars.They held cardboard signs:"GOD BLESS U";"Anything Helps";"Trying to Keep WARM';"Thank U!". Plaintiffs sued the Village of Downers Grove and six of its police officers(together, "defendants")under 42 U.S.C.§ 1983.(Plaintiffs also sued other defendants not relevant here.) The Village repealed the ordinance after plaintiffs sued,mooting plaintiffs'claims for injunctive and declaratory relief.See New York State Rifle&Pistol Association.Inc.v.City of New York, 140 S.Ct. 1525,1526(2020). Plaintiffs claim that defendants violated their free speech rights under the First Amendment of the United States Constitution.They claim that the statute and former ordinance drew unconstitutional distinctions based on content.They claim that defendants are liable for enforcing those laws and seek damages.Defendants move to dismiss.Their motion is denied. DISCUSSION In ruling on defendants'motion to dismiss,the court takes plaintiffs'allegations as true. Erickson v.Pardus,551 U.S.89,94(2007).The Village police officers assert qualified immunity, arguing that they violated no clearly established First Amendment law.The court disagrees.The officers started enforcing the statute and ordinance against plaintiffs in 2018.First Amendment law at that time was clearly established:a speech restriction targeting panhandling discriminates 2 Case:1:19-cv-05604 Document#:52 Filed:07/29/20 Page 3 of 9 PagelD#:301 based on content and survives constitutional muster only when supported by a compelling justification.The statute and former ordinance fall short. The Village argues that plaintiffs fail to state a claim against the Village under Monell v. Den't of Social Services of City of New York,436 U.S.658,694(1978).The Village argues that plaintiffs were injured not by the Village ordinance,but by the Illinois statute.A municipality "cannot be held liable under section 1983 for acts that it did under the command of state or federal law."Bethesda Lutheran Homes&Servs.,Inc.v.Leean,154 F.3d 716,718(7th Cir. 1998).But the Village was under no command to enact a content based panhandling ordinance— an ordinance replicating the same constitutional flaws that doom the Illinois statute. 1 Are the Village of Downers Grove police officers entitled to qualified immunity? The Village police officers assert qualified immunity.Qualified immunity is a doctrine that shields government officials against damages suits.Officials are immune from suit unless they violate a constitutional right that was clearly established at the time of the violation.Harlow v.Fitzgerald,457 U.S.800,818(1982).The right must be framed in"the specific context of the case,not as a broad general proposition,"Saucier v.Katz,533 U.S. 194,201(2001),and its i "contours must be sufficiently clear that a reasonable official would understand that what he is doing violates that right."Hope v.Pelzer,536 U.S.730,739(2002)(citation and quotation marks omitted).A right can be clearly established without a case directly on point:"[A]general constitutional rule already identified in the decisional law may apply with obvious clarity to the specific conduct in question,"giving officials"fair warning"that their acts are unconstitutional. Id.at 741(citation and quotation marks omitted). The Village police officers argue that they"are being sued because they did their jobs." They argue that"[t]he enactment of a law forecloses speculation by enforcement officers 3 Case: 1:19-cv-05604 Document#:52 Filed:07/29/20 Page 4 of 9 PagelD#:302 concerning its constitutionality—with the possible exception of a law so grossly and flagrantly unconstitutional that any person of reasonable prudence would be bound to see its flaws." Michigan v.DeFillinno,443 U.S.31,38(1979).They argue that the Seventh Circuit—forty years ago—upheld Illinois'solicitation statute against a First Amendment challenge,holding that the statute"is a narrow and reasonable limitation on solicitation in intersections which local villages are required to enforce."U.S.Labor Party v.Oremus,619 F.2d 683,688(7th Cir. 1980). The Village police officers are not entitled to qualified immunity.Cases since U.S.Labor Pgr1y"have placed the...constitutional question beyond debate."Ashcroft v.al-Kidd,563 U.S. 731,741(2011).The Supreme Court in Reed v.Town of Gilbert held that a speech restriction"is content based if a law applies to particular speech because of the topic discussed or the idea or message expressed."576 U.S.155,163(2015).Following Reed,the Seventh Circuit in Norton v. City f Springfield held that"[a]ny law distinguishing one kind of speech from another by reference to its meaning now requires a compelling justification."806 F.3d 411,412(7th Cir. 2015)(granting rehearing and remanding with instructions to enjoin a content based panhandling ban).This"compelling justification"standard is"met in practice only by a need as serious as the battle against terrorists."Norton v.City of Springfield,768 F.3d 713,716(7th Cir.2014),citing Holder v.Humanitarian Law Project,561 U.S. 1,130(2010). Content based laws usually violate the First Amendment.The former Village ordinance and Illinois statute are no exception.Both are content based restrictions on speech without any compelling justification.Defendants do not seriously argue that that the laws are content neutral. Nor do they argue that the laws are content based,yet supported by compelling justifications. The laws are flagrantly unconstitutional under Reed and Norton(2015 ---and reasonably prudent 4 Case: 1:19-cv-05604 Document#:52 Filed:07/29/20 Page 5 of 9 PagelD#:303 police officers would have so concluded.The Village police officers violated clearly established First Amendment law and are not entitled to qualified immunity. The former Village ordinance and the Illinois statute discriminate based on content. Solicitation is a form of speech protected by the First Amendment.Gresham v.Peterson,225 F.3d 899,904(7th Cir.2000).Under the ordinance,a person soliciting money from drivers stopped at a red light needed to have a certificate of registration.Downers Grove Municipal Code,§ 15.30(a).If that same person instead proselytized religion or gathered signatures for a referendum,no certificate was needed—the ordinance expressly exempted"political or religious activities."Id.at§15.29.Whether the ordinance applied depended on"the topic discussed." Reed,576 U.S.at 163.The ordinance discriminated based on content. Illinois'statute is much the same.The statute makes it a misdemeanor to stand on a highway and solicit money from people in cars.625 ILCS 5/11-1006(c).It also forbids soliciting "employment or business."Id.at(b).The statute says nothing about,and thus presumably allows,other forms of speech—protests,for example,or performance art.These are distinctions based on meaning.Put another way,plaintiff Simmons panhandled with a sign reading,"GOD BLESS U/ANYTHING HELPS&IS A BLESSING!Thank U!".Did Simmons violate the statute?To answer that question,"enforcement authorities"had to"examine the content of the message that is conveyed."McCullen v.Coakley,573 U.S.464,479(2014)(quoting another source;quotation marks omitted).Simmons might have been in the clear had his sign included just the first line.Only by examining the sign's contents could the Village police officers have had probable cause to believe that Simmons's purpose was to solicit money. The Illinois statute also discriminates based on class of speaker.The statute allows municipalities to pass ordinances exempting charitable organizations,so long as those 5 Case:1:19-cv-05604 Document#:52 Filed:07/29/20 Page 6 of 9 PagelD#:304 organizations register with the Illinois Attorney General and meet other regulatory requirements. 625 ILCS 5/11-1006(c)(1),(c)(2),(c)(3).Individual people enjoy no such exemption.First Amendment doctrine"suggests little reason to distinguish between beggars and charities in terms of the First Amendment protection for their speech,"Gresham,225 F.3d at 904,and the First Amendment bars`restrictions distinguishing among different speakers,allowing speech by some but not others."Citizens United v.Federal Election Commission,558 U.S.310,340(2010).That constitutional defect—speaker-based discrimination—might also have tainted the Village ordinance,although the ordinance was silent on whether individual people(distinguished from charitable organizations)could lawfully have solicited money if they had registration certificates. See Downers Grove Municipal Code,§§ 15.30,15.33.The ordinance was,in any event, unconstitutional. The Village police officers argue that they"should not be expected to divine evolving developments and conclude that constitutional principles relating to content-based discrimination would apply to a statute(designed in this case)to prevent pedestrians from endangering themselves and distracting drivers at the busiest intersection in town."But qualified immunity doctrine assumes that"a reasonably competent public official should know the law governing his conduct."Harlow,457 U.S.at 819.Reed,Norton(2015),and all the other First Amendment cases cited in this opinion were on the books before 2018,when the officers started enforcing the statute against plaintiffs.As for running into the busiest intersection in town,plaintiffs allege that they stayed clear of traffic and avoided placing others at risk.That allegation must be taken as true for now.And plaintiffs do not challenge the constitutionality of other ordinance provisions regulating solicitation—for example,the provision barring solicitors from"imped[ing]the flow of pedestrian or vehicular traffic."Downers Grove Municipal Code,§ 15.32(h). 6 Case: 1:19-cv-05604 Document#:52 Filed:07/29/20 Page 7 of 9 PagelD#:305 2 Does plaintiff state a Monell claim against the Village of Downers Grove? Plaintiffs claim that the Village enacted an unconstitutional ordinance.They claim that Village had an official policy of enforcing this ordinance and that this policy violated their First Amendment rights.See Thomas v.Cook County Sheriffs Department,604 F.3d 293,303(7th Cir.2010).The Village argues that plaintiffs fail to state a claim under Monell. Plaintiffs state a Monell claim against the Village.The Village argues that a municipality "cannot be held liable under section 1983 for acts that it did under the command of state or federal law."Bethesda Lutheran Homes&Services.Inc.v.Leean,154 F.3d 716,718(7th Cir. 1998).But the Illinois panhandling statute did not force the Village to enact and enforce a parallel ordinance.The statute allows charitable organizations to solicit money"when expressly permitted by municipal ordinance."625 ILCS 5/11-1006(c).The Village cites no provision ordering municipalities to adopt such ordinances.Panhandling might have violated both ordinance and statute,but the laws—if unconstitutional—inflicted separate harms.Village officers who enforced an unconstitutional municipal law might be liable even if state officers could have enforced an identical,equally unconstitutional state law. The Village also argues that plaintiffs never alleged that the Village cited plaintiffs for violating the ordinance.Plaintiffs allege the dates that they received citations under the Illinois statute and describe how some those citations were resolved.Plaintiffs allege little about having received citations under the Village ordinances—certainly nothing as specific as their allegations about the statute. Still,plaintiffs'allegations raise an inference that they were injured even if they were i never cited under the ordinance.The ordinance discriminates against the content of plaintiffs' speech—it bans panhandling yet allows petitioning.That discrimination,even without fines, 7 Case: 1:19-cv-05604 Document#: 52 Filed: 07/29/20 Page 8 of 9 PagelD #:306 violates the First Amendment. "[I]n civil rights cases, nominal damages are appropriate when a plaintiff's rights are violated but there is no monetary injury." Six Star Holdings, LLC v. City of Milwaukee, 821 F.3d 795, 805 (7th Cir. 2016), citing Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 266-67 (1978).And nominal damages are all plaintiffs need for their Monell claim to avoid dismissal. See Amato v. City of Saratoga Springs, 170 F.3d 311, 320 (2d Cir. 1999) (reversing the dismissal of a Monell claim with a damages cap of one dollar, reasoning that "nominal damages afford a litigant vindication of the deprivation of his constitutional rights"). In any event, the Village has forfeited this argument. The Village argued in its motion that the ordinance was irrelevant—all roads lead to the statute. "[W]ith or without the adoption of an exception ordinance, [p]laintiffs were violating a state law, and at the time the [p]laintiffs were cited, the statute set forth a command that people not stand on highways or at busy intersections in order to solicit drivers."The Village did not argue that plaintiffs failed to allege that they had been cited under the ordinance. That argument was raised for the first time in the Village's reply, and "[t]he reply brief is not the appropriate vehicle for presenting new arguments or legal theories to the court." United States v. Feinberg, 89 F.3d 333, 341 (7th Cir. 1996). CONCLUSION For these reasons, the court dismisses as moot any claims for injunctive and declaratory relief brought by plaintiffs Michael Dumiak and Christopher Simmons against defendants Village of Downers Grove and its police officers. The court otherwise denies the motion to dismiss [Doc. 41] filed by: (1) Village of Downers Grove; and (2) Village of Downers Grove police officers Jeffrey Giermann, Robert Jacobs, Jay Johnson, Kenneth Lister,Alessia Marocco, and Joshua Nelson. 8 Case:1:19-cv-05604 Document#:52 Filed:07/29/20 Page 9 of 9 PagelD#:307 Defendants are directed to answer the complaint by August 28,2020.The parties are directed to file a joint status report using this court's form by September 4,2020.The court will set a status hearing after the COVID-19 emergency has abated.This order is not affected by any General Orders entered by the court. ENTER: July 29,2020 SAI` 1.�bertW.Gettleman United States District Judge 9 Case: 1:19-cv-05604 Document#:32 Filed:01/14/20 Page 1 of 2 PagelD#:182 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS EASTERN DIVISION MICHAEL DUMIAK and CHRISTOPHER ) SIMMONS, ) Plaintiffs, ) V. ) No. 19-cv-5604 VILLAGE OF DOWNERS GROVE; ) Honorable Robert W.Gettleman Downers Grove Police Officers JEFFREY ) GIERMANN,ROBERT JACOBS,JAY ) JOHNSON,KENNETH LISTER,ALESSIA ) MAROCCO,and JOSHUA NELSON,in ) their individual and official capacities; ) BRENDAN KELLY,Acting Director of the ) Illinois State Police,in his official capacity; ) And ROBERT BERLIN,DuPage County ) State's Attorney,in his official capacity, ) Defendants. ) 4QR7TrMTIPULATED PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION ORDER Plaintiffs Michael Dumiak and Christopher Simmons have moved for a preliminary injunction to prevent enforcement of a particular section of the Illinois Vehicle Code,625 ILLS 5/11-1006;and Defendants Brendan Kelly,the Director of the Illinois State Police,and Robert Berlin, the DuPage County State's Attorney, do not oppose entry of an order enjoining their enforcement of one provision of that section, 625 ILCS 5/11-1006(c). Based on the lack of opposition to the proposed injunction against enforcement of 625 ILCS 5/11-1006(c),the Court has determined that entry of a preliminary injunction is proper. The parties understand and agree that the Court has jurisdiction over this matter and that venue is proper.Defendants Kelly and Berlin further agree to waive the entry of findings of fact Case: 1:19-cv-05604 Document#:32 Filed:01/14/20 Page 2 of 2 PagelD#:182 and conclusions of law for the purposes of this Order pursuant to Rules 52 and 65 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Accordingly,it is ORDERED: I. Defendant Kelly,his successors,and any person or entity acting in the capacity of an officer, agent, servant, employee or attorney of the Illinois State Police, are preliminarily enjoined from enforcing 625 ILCS 5/11-1006(c),as amended by P.A.88-589,§10,eff.August 14, 1994,until further order from this Court,or final disposition of this case. 2. Defendant Berlin,his successors,and any person or entity acting in the capacity of an officer,agent,servant,employee or attorney of the DuPage County State's Attorney's Office, are preliminarily enjoined from enforcing 625 ILCS 5/1 I-1006(c),as amended by P.A. 88-589, §10,eft.August 14,1994,until further order from this Court,or final disposition of this case. 3. Plaintiffs'motion for a preliminary injunction with respect to the remainder of 625 ILCS 5/11-1006 and all other requests for preliminary injunctive relief are withdrawn without prejudice. So Ordered. Dated )y, 'f Z) U.S.ETistrict Judge